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Intracranial collaterals are dynamically recruited after arterial occlusion and are emerging as a strong determinant of tissue outcome in both human and experimental ischemic stroke. The relationship between collateral flow and ischemic penumbra remains largely unexplored in pre-clinical studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of collateral flow with regard to penumbral tissue after transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. MCA was transiently occluded (90min) by intraluminal filament in adult male Wistar rats (n=25). Intracranial collateral flow was studied in terms of perfusion deficit and biosignal fluctuation analyses using multi-site laser Doppler monitoring. Molecular penumbra was defined by topographical mapping and quantitative signal analysis of Heat Shock Protein 70kDa (HSP70) immunohistochemistry. Functional deficit and infarct volume were assessed 24h after ischemia induction. The results show that functional performance of intracranial collaterals during MCA occlusion inversely correlated with HSP70 immunoreactive areas in both the cortex and the striatum, as well as with infarct size and functional deficit. Intracranial collateral flow was associated with reduced areas of both molecular penumbra and ischemic core and increased areas of intact tissue in rats subjected to MCA occlusion followed by reperfusion. Our findings prompt the development of collateral therapeutics to provide tissue-saving strategies in the hyper-acute phase of ischemic stroke prior to recanalization therapy.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.nbd.2014.11.019

Type

Journal article

Journal

Neurobiol Dis

Publication Date

02/2015

Volume

74

Pages

305 - 313

Keywords

Cerebral collaterals, Hemodynamic changes, Neuroprotection, Penumbra, Stroke, Animals, Antigens, Nuclear, Brain Ischemia, Carotid Arteries, Carotid Artery Diseases, Cerebral Cortex, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Corpus Striatum, Disease Models, Animal, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, Immunohistochemistry, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Laser-Doppler Flowmetry, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Rats, Wistar, Severity of Illness Index, Stroke