The phenotype of Floating-Harbor syndrome: clinical characterization of 52 individuals with mutations in exon 34 of SRCAP.
Nikkel SM., Dauber A., de Munnik S., Connolly M., Hood RL., Caluseriu O., Hurst J., Kini U., Nowaczyk MJM., Afenjar A., Albrecht B., Allanson JE., Balestri P., Ben-Omran T., Brancati F., Cordeiro I., da Cunha BS., Delaney LA., Destrée A., Fitzpatrick D., Forzano F., Ghali N., Gillies G., Harwood K., Hendriks YMC., Héron D., Hoischen A., Honey EM., Hoefsloot LH., Ibrahim J., Jacob CM., Kant SG., Kim CA., Kirk EP., Knoers NVAM., Lacombe D., Lee C., Lo IFM., Lucas LS., Mari F., Mericq V., Moilanen JS., Møller ST., Moortgat S., Pilz DT., Pope K., Price S., Renieri A., Sá J., Schoots J., Silveira EL., Simon MEH., Slavotinek A., Temple IK., van der Burgt I., de Vries BBA., Weisfeld-Adams JD., Whiteford ML., Wierczorek D., Wit JM., Yee CFO., Beaulieu CL., FORGE Canada Consortium None., White SM., Bulman DE., Bongers E., Brunner H., Feingold M., Boycott KM.
BACKGROUND: Floating-Harbor syndrome (FHS) is a rare condition characterized by short stature, delays in expressive language, and a distinctive facial appearance. Recently, heterozygous truncating mutations in SRCAP were determined to be disease-causing. With the availability of a DNA based confirmatory test, we set forth to define the clinical features of this syndrome. METHODS AND RESULTS: Clinical information on fifty-two individuals with SRCAP mutations was collected using standardized questionnaires. Twenty-four males and twenty-eight females were studied with ages ranging from 2 to 52 years. The facial phenotype and expressive language impairments were defining features within the group. Height measurements were typically between minus two and minus four standard deviations, with occipitofrontal circumferences usually within the average range. Thirty-three of the subjects (63%) had at least one major anomaly requiring medical intervention. We did not observe any specific phenotype-genotype correlations. CONCLUSIONS: This large cohort of individuals with molecularly confirmed FHS has allowed us to better delineate the clinical features of this rare but classic genetic syndrome, thereby facilitating the development of management protocols.