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Cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) is a member of neural recognition molecules of immunoglobulin superfamily primarily expressing in the nervous system. CHL1 regulates neuronal migration, axonal growth, and dendritic projection. Downregulation of CHL1 has been reported in β cells of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, the detailed role of CHL1 in β cells has not been characterized. In this study, Real-Time PCR and Western blot were applied to investigate the tissue/cell distribution and expression of CHL1. Gain- or loss-of function studies were conducted in MIN6 cells to determine the effects of CHL1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and insulin secretion. Following silencing of CHL1 in MIN6 cells (si-CHL1), insulin secretion and the number of insulin secretary granules <50 nm from the cell membrane decreased in response to 20 mM glucose. Besides, silencing of CHL1 induced cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and prolonged S phase and shortened G1 phase of the cell cycle, contrary to overexpressing of CHL1. The inhibitor of ERK1/2MAPK eliminated the effect of CHL1 deficiency on the proliferation of MIN6 cells. In addition, high-fat diet could result in increased islet volume and β cell proliferation, decreased CHL1 expression and activation of ERK pathway in mice islets. Consequently, CHL1 expression was decreased in islets of high-fat induced mice, which resulted in cell proliferation via ERK pathway and regulation of the cell cycle through p53 pathway. These mechanisms may contribute to pancreatic β cell compensatory hyperplasia in obesity-induced pre-diabetes.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.040

Type

Journal article

Journal

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Publication Date

14/05/2020

Volume

525

Pages

1095 - 1102

Keywords

CHL1, Cell proliferation, ERK, Insulin secretion, Pancreatic islets, β cells, Animals, Apoptosis, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Cell Cycle, Cell Proliferation, Diet, High-Fat, Gene Silencing, Glucose, Insulin, Insulin Secretion, Islets of Langerhans, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microscopy, Electron, Transmission, Up-Regulation