The honour recognises outstanding contributions to the advancement of medical science, innovative application of scientific knowledge, or conspicuous service to healthcare.
Prof Casadei is one of 44 newly elected Fellows. They will be formally admitted to the Academy at a ceremony on Wednesday 26 June 2013.
Her research group works to improve the understanding of atrial fibrillation (AF), and she has become one of the UK's leading experts in the complex processes behind AF, when signals controlling the effective spread of the heart beat are not working properly. She also runs projects looking at a possible link between AF and inflammation, which is particularly linked to coronary heart disease, the major cause of heart attacks.