Adult height, coronary heart disease and stroke: a multi-locus Mendelian randomization meta-analysis.
Nüesch E., Dale C., Palmer TM., White J., Keating BJ., van Iperen EP., Goel A., Padmanabhan S., Asselbergs FW., EPIC-Netherland Investigators None., Verschuren WM., Wijmenga C., Van der Schouw YT., Onland-Moret NC., Lange LA., Hovingh GK., Sivapalaratnam S., Morris RW., Whincup PH., Wannamethe GS., Gaunt TR., Ebrahim S., Steel L., Nair N., Reiner AP., Kooperberg C., Wilson JF., Bolton JL., McLachlan S., Price JF., Strachan MW., Robertson CM., Kleber ME., Delgado G., März W., Melander O., Dominiczak AF., Farrall M., Watkins H., Leusink M., Maitland-van der Zee AH., de Groot MC., Dudbridge F., Hingorani A., Ben-Shlomo Y., Lawlor DA., UCLEB Investigators None., Amuzu A., Caufield M., Cavadino A., Cooper J., Davies TL., IN Day None., Drenos F., Engmann J., Finan C., Giambartolomei C., Hardy R., Humphries SE., Hypponen E., Kivimaki M., Kuh D., Kumari M., Ong K., Plagnol V., Power C., Richards M., Shah S., Shah T., Sofat R., Talmud PJ., Wareham N., Warren H., Whittaker JC., Wong A., Zabaneh D., Davey Smith G., Wells JC., Leon DA., Holmes MV., Casas JP.
Background: We investigated causal effect of completed growth, measured by adult height, on coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cardiovascular traits, using instrumental variable (IV) Mendelian randomization meta-analysis. Methods: We developed an allele score based on 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with adult height, identified by the IBCCardioChip, and used it for IV analysis against cardiovascular risk factors and events in 21 studies and 60 028 participants. IV analysis on CHD was supplemented by summary data from 180 height-SNPs from the GIANT consortium and their corresponding CHD estimates derived from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D. Results: IV estimates from IBCCardioChip and GIANT-CARDIoGRAMplusC4D showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height reduced the odds of CHD by 10% [odds ratios 0.90; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.78 to 1.03 and 0.85 to 0.95, respectively],which agrees with the estimate from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration (hazard ratio 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91 to 0.94). IV analysis revealed no association with stroke (odds ratio 0.97; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.19). IV analysis showed that a 6.5-cm increase in height resulted in lower levels of body mass index ( P