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Congratulations to Dr Adam Lewandowski, who has secured a five-year British Heart Foundation Intermediate Basic Science Fellowship to study the impact of premature birth on the heart.
Interleukin-6, C-Reactive Protein, and Vascular Recurrence After Stroke With and Without Atherosclerosis.
BACKGROUND: Uncertainty remains whether inflammation is implicated in poststroke recurrence in patients without atherosclerosis. We evaluated the contribution of atherosclerosis status to the association between inflammatory markers and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) poststroke. METH…
Localized GLP1 receptor pre-internalization directs pancreatic alpha cell to beta cell communication.
Pancreatic alpha cells modulate beta cell function in a paracrine manner through the release of glucagon. However, the detailed molecular architecture underlying alpha-to-beta cell regulation remains poorly characterized. Here, we show that the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is enriched as nano…
Making it Personal - play script
Play script created as part of Making it Personal - an engagement with research project funded by the PCER Fund, University of Oxford and the Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Oxford.
Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiography and echocardiography to track preclinical progression of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The diagnosis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) requires advanced imaging, precluding large-scale preclinical testing. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and electrocardiography (ECG) may provide a scalable strategy for preclini…
Erythropoiesis in the human
Erythropoiesis is the production of haemoglobin-containing red blood cells for oxygen delivery to the tissues. Approximately 1-2 Ã- 1012red cells are produced each day, and this remarkable productivity under stable conditions is also complemented by the capacity for rapid and substantial expansion whe…
Milk fat globule membrane modulates inflammatory pathways in human monocytes: A crossover human intervention study.
BackgroundIntake of high-fat foods raises postprandial plasma triglycerides and inflammatory markers, which may depend on the type of fat ingested. Dairy products are commonly consumed, but not much is known about the impact of milk fat and the milk fat globule membrane on postprandial inflammation. H…
Triacylglycerol uptake and handling by macrophages: From fatty acids to lipoproteins.
Macrophages are essential innate immune cells and form our first line of immune defense. Also known as professional phagocytes, macrophages interact and take up various particles, including lipids. Defective lipid handling can drive excessive lipid accumulation leading to foam cell formation, a key feature of…
HILPDA is a lipotoxic marker in adipocytes that mediates the autocrine negative feedback regulation of triglyceride hydrolysis by fatty acids and alleviates cellular lipotoxic stress.
BackgroundLipolysis is a key metabolic pathway in adipocytes that renders stored triglycerides available for use by other cells and tissues. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) are known to exert feedback inhibition on adipocyte lipolysis, but the underlying mechanisms have only partly been elucidated. An essential e…
Macrophages take up VLDL-sized emulsion particles through caveolae-mediated endocytosis and excrete part of the internalized triglycerides as fatty acids.
Triglycerides are carried in the bloodstream as part of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) and chylomicrons, which represent the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants contribute to atherosclerosis, possibly by carrying remnant cholesterol and/or by exerting a pr…
Triglyceride breakdown from lipid droplets regulates the inflammatory response in macrophages.
In response to inflammatory activation by pathogens, macrophages accumulate triglycerides in intracellular lipid droplets. The mechanisms underlying triglyceride accumulation and its exact role in the inflammatory response of macrophages are not fully understood. Here, we aim to further elucidate the…
Flavonoid-Like Components of Peanut Stem and Leaf Extract Promote Sleep by Decreasing Neuronal Excitability.
SCOPE: Peanut stem and leaf (PSL), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used as a dietary supplement to improve sleep quality; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the study aims to determine whether active compounds in PSL extract exert their effects by mediating neuronal excitability. M…
Sedative-hypnotic and anxiolytic effects and the mechanism of action of aqueous extracts of peanut stems and leaves in mice.
INTRODUCTION: Peanut stems and leaves (PSL) have traditionally been used as both a special food and a herbal medicine in Asia. The sedative-hypnotic and anxiolytic effects of PSL have been recorded in classical traditional Chinese literature, and more recently by many other researchers. In a previous study, fo…
Cover Image, Volume 98, Issue 13
The cover image, by Lei Deng et al., is based on the Research Article Sedative–hypnotic and anxiolytic effects and the mechanism of action of aqueous extracts of peanut stems and leaves in mice, DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9020. image
High-pressure microfluidisation pretreatment disaggregate peanut protein isolates to prepare antihypertensive peptide fractions
High-pressure microfluidisation (HPM) pretreatment was applied to increase in vitro antihypertensive activity of peanut peptide fractions (PPF). The morphology of protein in aqueous dispersion revealed that peanut protein isolate (PPI) disaggregated at relatively low pressure (≤120 MPa) and re-aggrega…
Identification of chemical ingredients of peanut stems and leaves extracts using UPLC-QTOF-MS coupled with novel informatics UNIFI platform.
Peanut stems and leaves have been used traditionally as both herbal medicines and special food in Asia. In this study, the main functional compounds of peanut stems and leaves extracts were identified using UPLC separation coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS), and a traditional medici…
Hypothalamic and brainstem glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor neurons employ distinct mechanisms to affect feeding.
Central glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor (GIPR) signaling is critical in GIP-based therapeutics' ability to lower body weight, but pathways leveraged by GIPR pharmacology in the brain remain incompletely understood. We explored the role of Gipr neurons in the hypothalamus and do…
β-cell Gɑs signaling is critical for physiological and pharmacological enhancement of insulin secretion.
The incretin peptides glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors coordinate β-cell secretion that is proportional to nutrient intake. This effect permits consistent and restricted glucose excursions across a range of carbohydrate intake. The canonical signali…
Prospective Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Imaging Support Software for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Mayo Clinic Telestroke Network.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the real-world impact of artificial intelligence-driven decision support imaging software for patients with acute ischemic stroke in a mature telestroke network in the United States. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective evaluation of stroke imaging support software in a r…