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Otopalatodigital syndrome type 1 (OPD1) is an X-linked semidominant condition characterized by malformations of the skeleton, auditory apparatus, and palate. Previous studies have established linkage to a 16-cM region of Xq27-q28. A proposed allelic variant of OPD1, termed "OPD2," is associated with a more severe, frequently lethal phenotype with visceral and brain anomalies in addition to skeletal, auditory, and palatal defects. We report linkage of the OPD2 phenotype to a 2-cM region of distal Xq28 in a Maori kindred, with a maximum multipoint LOD score of 3.31 between the markers DXS1073 and DXS1108. This provides support for allelism between OPD1 and OPD2 and reduces the size of the disease interval to 1.8-2.1 Mb. We also demonstrate that female carriers of this disorder exhibit skewed inactivation that segregates with the high-risk haplotype and may be inversely related to the severity with which they manifest features of the disorder.

Original publication

DOI

10.1086/321280

Type

Journal article

Journal

Am J Hum Genet

Publication Date

07/2001

Volume

69

Pages

223 - 227

Keywords

Abnormalities, Multiple, Alleles, Brain, Chromosome Mapping, Chromosome Segregation, Craniofacial Abnormalities, Dosage Compensation, Genetic, Female, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Haplotypes, Heterozygote, Humans, Lod Score, Male, Mutation, Palate, Pedigree, Phenotype, Recombination, Genetic, Syndrome, X Chromosome