Rebinding of IgE Fabs at haptenated planar membranes: measurement by total internal reflection with fluorescence photobleaching recovery.

In previous work, a general analytical theory for ligand rebinding at cell surfaces was developed for a reversible bimolecular reaction between ligands in solution and receptors on a membrane surface [Lagerholm, B. C., and Thompson, N. L. (1998) Biophys. J. 74, 1215-1228]. This theory can be used to predict theoretical forms for data obtained by using total internal reflection with fluorescence photobleaching recovery (TIR-FPR) [Thompson, N. L., Burghardt, T. P., and Axelrod, D. (1981) Biophys. J. 33, 435-454]. Thus, one method by which the rebinding theory can be tested is to use TIR-FPR. In the work described herein, the reversible kinetics of mouse monoclonal anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE Fabs at substrate-supported planar membranes composed of 25 mol % DNP-conjugated phosphatidylethanolamine and 75 mol % dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine have been examined by using TIR-FPR. Data were obtained as a function of the Fab solution concentration. Higher Fab concentrations reduce rebinding (and increase the fluorescence recovery rate) because different Fab molecules compete for the same surface-binding sites. Data were also obtained for solutions containing different volume fractions of glycerol. In these measurements, higher glycerol concentrations increase rebinding (and decrease the fluorescence recovery rate) because the solution viscosity is increased and the Fab diffusion coefficient in solution is decreased. The TIR-FPR data were quantitatively compared with theoretical predictions which follow from the general theory for rebinding at the membrane surface. The data were consistent with the theoretical predictions and, therefore, provide experimental verification of the previously developed theory.