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Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is a common complication of left ventricle (LV) dysfunction and remodelling. Recently, it has been recognized as an independent prognostic factor in both ischaemic and non-ischaemic LV dysfunctions. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms through which cardiac dyssynchrony is involved in FMR pathophysiologic cascade and how cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) can have therapeutic effects on FMR by reverting specific dyssynchrony pathways. We analyse recent clinical trials focusing on CRT impact on FMR in 'real-world' patients, the limits and future perspectives that could eventually generate new predictors of CRT response in terms of FMR reduction. Finally, we propose a practical diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for the management of symptomatic patients with severe LV dysfunction and concomitant 'prognostic' FMR.

Original publication

DOI

10.1093/ehjci/jev352

Type

Journal article

Journal

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging

Publication Date

05/2016

Volume

17

Pages

471 - 480

Keywords

cardiac resynchronization, mitral regurgitation, ventricular dyssynchrony, Cardiac Pacing, Artificial, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, Clinical Trials as Topic, Echocardiography, Doppler, Color, Humans, Mitral Valve Insufficiency, Pacemaker, Artificial, Prognosis, Stroke Volume, Treatment Outcome, Ventricular Dysfunction, Left, Ventricular Function, Left, Ventricular Remodeling