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Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoantibody-mediated thrombocytopenic disorder in which accelerated destruction of platelets occurs; platelet production may also be impaired by these antibodies. ITP is characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding. Rarely, more severe hemorrhages, such as intracranial hemorrhage, may occur. Traditional therapies, such as steroids, immunoglobulin therapy, and splenectomy, generally reduce peripheral destruction of platelets. More recently, with a better understanding of the immunopathologic mechanisms underlying thrombocytopenia, several new treatments have been developed, including thrombopoietic agents, specific inhibitors of Fcgamma receptor (FcgammaR) signaling, and B-cell depletion therapies. This article outlines current understanding of the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of ITP. The focus is on recent pathophysiologic insights and areas of potential controversy in which studies are ongoing.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.hoc.2007.06.007

Type

Journal article

Journal

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am

Publication Date

08/2007

Volume

21

Pages

743 - vii

Keywords

Combined Modality Therapy, Drug Therapy, Humans, Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic